- Chainalysis estimates that potentially taxable on-chain crypto activity reached more than US$457 billion globally in 2025, with the United States at roughly US$112.6 billion.
- Transactions covered by the OECD’s Crypto-Asset Reporting Framework account for just 14% of the identified activity; the remaining 86% spans DEX trades, peer-to-peer transfers, on-chain income and payments.
- The OECD lists 46 jurisdictions exchanging data from 2027 and 29 more by 2028, including Australia.
Blockchain analytics firm Chainalysis estimates potentially taxable on-chain crypto activity reached more than US$457 billion (AU$635.23 billion) worldwide in 2025, and says only 14% of it falls within the OECD reporting framework that tax authorities will start using to exchange crypto data in 2027.
The United States accounted for roughly US$112.6 billion (AU$156.51 billion) of the total, according to the firm’s analysis published on 26 August.
North America led all regions at US$134.6 billion (AU$187.09 billion), followed by the European Union at US$125.1 billion (AU$173.89 billion) and East Asia at US$54.7 billion (AU$76.03 billion). Australia recorded US$8.9 billion (AU$12.37 billion).
The estimate combines realised gains attributed to centralised and decentralised exchanges, income from mining, staking, lending and gambling, and crypto-denominated payments across six blockchains: Bitcoin, Ethereum, Solana, Tron, BNB Smart Chain and Base. Trading conducted inside centralised exchanges is not visible onchain, and Chainalysis says its figures likely understate total economic income as a result.
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The Crypto-Asset Reporting Framework, developed by the OECD, requires centralised exchanges, brokers, retailers and certain wallet providers to collect customer and tax-residency information and report transaction data, which tax authorities then exchange across borders automatically.
Chainalysis found transactions covered by those intermediaries represent only 14% of the onchain taxable activity it identified. The remaining 86%, spanning decentralised exchange activity, peer-to-peer transfers, onchain income streams and payments, “falls outside the framework’s practical scope”, the report stated.
In the United States, Chainalysis pointed to Form 1099-DA, the IRS form for reporting digital asset sales, which congressional reports project will generate US$28 billion (AU$38.92 billion) over 10 years.
Australia Exchanges From 2028 And Onwards
Seventy-five jurisdictions have made a political commitment to implement CARF, according to the OECD’s monitoring update adopted in November 2025. The OECD’s commitment list, last updated on 23 June, has 46 jurisdictions undertaking first exchanges by 2027, 29 more by 2028 and the United States alone by 2029.
Australia sits in the 2028 group, meaning its domestic reporting framework should be in effect from the start of 2027 under the OECD’s timetable. Jurisdictions exchanging in 2027 are expected to have had their frameworks in force from the start of this year.
Chainalysis has previously tracked the region’s growth, with Australia ranking sixth in APAC for on-chain value received as regional volumes tripled over three years. The Australian Taxation Office already runs a data-matching program targeting up to 1.2 million crypto accounts a year, and has put crypto profits under scrutiny at tax time.
Read also: Bitcoin Climbs to One-Month High Above $65,800 as ETF Inflows Extend Six-Day Streak
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